Bæjarfélög

Bæjarfélög, which translates to "municipalities" or "local communities" in English, are the fundamental administrative divisions of Iceland. Each bæjarfélag is responsible for providing a range of local services to its residents, including urban planning, waste management, water and sewage systems, and sometimes schools and cultural facilities. The governance of a bæjarfélag is typically handled by an elected council, led by a mayor. The number and boundaries of these municipalities have changed over time through mergers and reorganizations, aiming for more efficient service delivery and stronger regional development. Iceland has a decentralized system of governance, meaning that much of the day-to-day administration and public service provision falls to these local authorities. The specific powers and responsibilities of each bæjarfélag are defined by Icelandic law. Larger municipalities often have more extensive service offerings and a greater administrative capacity than smaller ones. These communities form the backbone of Icelandic society, connecting citizens to public services and fostering local identity.