Bronkodilatoivan

Bronkodilatoivan is a term occasionally used in medical lexicons to denote substances or agents with the primary effect of bronchodilation, that is, widening of the airways in the lungs. The term is not widely standardized in major pharmacology references and may appear as a neologism or regional spelling for bronchodilators. In practice, bronkodilatoivan may refer to the broad class of medications that promote bronchodilation, including beta-2 adrenergic agonists, antimuscarinic agents, methylxanthines, and phosphodiesterase inhibitors, which act through different mechanisms to relax airway smooth muscle or counteract bronchoconstrictive pathways.

Mechanisms vary: beta-2 agonists activate receptors that raise intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate, leading to smooth muscle relaxation; antimuscarinic agents block acetylcholine-induced constriction; methylxanthines and PDE inhibitors modulate intracellular signaling to promote dilation. Many bronkodilatoivan drugs are delivered by inhalation to target the lungs and minimize systemic effects, though oral or intravenous routes are used in certain situations.

Clinical use centers on relief of acute bronchospasm and long-term control in conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Short-acting agents provide rapid relief, while long-acting agents are used for maintenance. Common side effects include tremor, tachycardia, and dry mouth, with systemic exposure increasing at higher doses or with noninhaled administration.

See also bronchodilator, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.