Borrow

Borrow is a verb meaning to take or receive something from another with the intention of returning it later or repaying its value. The counterpart is lend: to give something to another on a temporary basis. In most contexts, the borrower is the recipient and the lender is the provider. The word originates in Old English and has cognates in other Germanic languages.

Common uses include ordinary items such as books, tools, or clothing, as well as monetary loans. In everyday speech, people say "I borrowed a book from the library" or "I borrowed $20 from a friend." Borrowing is typically temporary and implies a commitment to restore the original item or its value.

In finance, to borrow means to obtain funds with a promise to repay, usually with interest. Borrowing creates a debt obligation and may involve terms such as interest rate, repayment schedule, collateral, and fees. The borrower’s credit history and income influence access to loans and the terms offered. Failure to repay can lead to penalties, default, and damage to credit scores.

Usage notes: "borrow" is used with from when discussing the source and with to when indicating the recipient. "Lend" and "loan" describe the act of giving or the instrument itself. Informal borrowing is common, while formal borrowing involves written agreements and legal terms.