Bolognaprocedure

The Bologna Process is an intergovernmental reform initiative by the European ministers of education to create a more comparable, compatible, and coherent system of higher education in Europe. Launched in Bologna, Italy, in 1999, it aims to facilitate student mobility, enhance the employability of European graduates, and strengthen the international competitiveness of European higher education systems. Key elements of the Bologna Process include the establishment of a three-cycle degree structure (bachelor, master, doctorate), the widespread adoption of the European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS) for measuring student workload, and the implementation of the Diploma Supplement to provide clear and consistent information about qualifications. It also promotes the recognition of qualifications, the development of quality assurance mechanisms, and the integration of lifelong learning. The process involves a significant number of European countries, and its implementation is overseen through ministerial meetings and ongoing working groups.