Birtokosesetkifejezés

Birtokosesetkifejezés is a Hungarian grammatical term that translates to "possessive case expression." It refers to a way of expressing possession in Hungarian where the possessor is indicated by a noun or pronoun in the genitive case, and the possessed item is marked with a possessive suffix. This is a common structure in Hungarian, distinct from languages that might use prepositions like "of" to show possession.

The structure typically involves the possessor in the genitive form followed by the possessed noun, which carries a possessive suffix that agrees in person and number with the possessor. For example, "a házam" translates to "my house," where "ház" (house) is the possessed noun and "-am" is the first-person singular possessive suffix. The genitive form of the pronoun "én" (I) is implied and not explicitly stated in this particular construction.

However, when the possessor is a noun, it appears in the genitive case. For instance, "Péter könyve" means "Peter's book." Here, "Péter" is the possessor in the genitive case (though in this simple form, it looks the same as the nominative), and "könyv" (book) has the third-person singular possessive suffix "-e." This suffix agrees with the singular possessor, Péter. The concept of birtokosesetkifejezés highlights the agglutinative nature of Hungarian, where grammatical functions are often indicated by suffixes attached to words.