Biogén

Biogén is an adjective used in several languages, including French, to denote substances or processes originating from living organisms. It is commonly contrasted with abiogène or abiogenic, which describe non-biological or inorganic origins. The term emphasizes a biological source or influence in the formation or transformation of matter.

In geology and archaeology, biogén materials are those created or heavily shaped by living systems. Examples include shells and corals formed from calcium carbonate, biogenic silica from diatoms and radiolarians, peat and coal derived from accumulated plant matter, and other sedimentary deposits produced by organisms. Biogenic processes also contribute to soils and carbon cycles, influencing mineral formation and preservation.

In environmental science and ecology, biogén emissions refer to gases released by living organisms, such as methane produced by enteric microbes in ruminants or anaerobic environments, and volatile organic compounds emitted by vegetation. These biogenic sources play a significant role in atmospheric chemistry, air quality, and climate dynamics.

In chemistry and physiology, biogén compounds are those produced by living systems, including biogenic amines like histamine and serotonin, as well as various biomolecules essential to life. The concept helps distinguish products of biological activity from those arising through purely chemical or geological processes.

Etymology stems from bio- meaning life and -gé (from French génèse) indicating origin, reflecting the core idea that biogén denotes life-derived origin. Related terms include biogenic, biomineralization, and abiogenic.