Bikarbonaate

Bikarbonate, also known as bicarbonate ion or hydrogen carbonate ion, is a polyatomic anion with the chemical formula HCO3-. It is a crucial chemical species found in both biological and geological systems. In biological contexts, bicarbonate plays a vital role in maintaining the pH balance of blood and other bodily fluids, acting as a key component of the body's buffering system. This regulation is essential for the proper functioning of enzymes and overall cellular activity. It is transported in the blood and helps to neutralize acids produced during metabolism.

Geologically, bicarbonate is a significant component of natural waters. It is formed when carbon dioxide dissolves in water, creating carbonic acid, which then dissociates to form bicarbonate ions and hydrogen ions. This process contributes to the alkalinity of water bodies. Bicarbonate is also a common constituent of sedimentary rocks, such as limestone, and is involved in various geochemical cycles, including the carbon cycle. Industrially, sodium bicarbonate, commonly known as baking soda, is a widely used source of bicarbonate ions. It finds applications in food preparation, cleaning, and as an antacid.