Biciklo

Biciklo is the word for bicycle in Esperanto, referring to a human-powered vehicle with two wheels used for transport, sport, and recreation. It is typically steered by handlebars and powered by pedals connected to a chain that drives the rear wheel.

Etymology: The term is formed from bi-, meaning two, and ciklo, derived from cycle, which ultimately comes from Greek kyklos. The word biciklo is used widely in Esperanto and has cognates in many languages.

Design and components: Most bicikloj are built around a rigid frame, usually made of steel, aluminum, or carbon fiber; a fork holds the front wheel. The drivetrain includes cranks, a chain, and gears that transfer pedal motion to the rear wheel. Braking systems range from rim brakes to disc brakes, and suspension is common on off-road designs. Tires vary by use, offering different levels of grip and efficiency.

History: The modern bicycle emerged in the late 19th century with the safety bicycle, featuring equal-sized wheels, chain drive, and pneumatic tires. Earlier forms such as the velocipede and the penny-farthing preceded it. The bicycle rapidly spread as a practical means of personal transport and recreation worldwide.

Variants and usage: Common types include road bikes for speed, mountain bikes for off-road use, hybrid bikes for general purposes, touring bikes for long-distance travel, BMX for stunt riding, and cargo bikes for transporting goods. Electric bicycles add motor assistance. Bicycles are used for daily commuting, sport, and leisure in many regions.

Impact and culture: Bicycles offer energy-efficient transportation with low environmental impact and contribute to urban mobility and public health. They influence infrastructure planning, safety standards, and cycling culture in communities around the world.