Bernoulliösszefüggés

Bernoulliösszefüggés, also known as Bernoulli's relation or Bernoulli's equation for incompressible, inviscid flow, describes the relationship between pressure, velocity, and elevation in a fluid. It is a fundamental principle in fluid dynamics, derived from the conservation of energy. The equation states that for a steady, irrotational flow of an incompressible fluid, the sum of static pressure, dynamic pressure (related to velocity), and potential energy per unit volume (related to elevation) remains constant along a streamline.

Mathematically, it can be expressed as P + ½ρv² + ρgh = constant, where P is the static pressure, ρ is the fluid density, v is the fluid velocity, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the elevation. This means that if the velocity of a fluid increases, its pressure must decrease, assuming the elevation remains constant. Conversely, if the velocity decreases, the pressure increases. Similarly, if the elevation increases, the pressure decreases if velocity is constant.

Bernoulli's principle has numerous practical applications. It explains phenomena like the lift generated by airplane wings, the operation of Venturi meters used to measure flow rate, and the suction effect observed in aspirators and carburetors. It is important to note that Bernoulli's equation is an approximation and has limitations. It strictly applies to inviscid (frictionless) and incompressible fluids, and it assumes steady flow conditions where turbulence is absent. Despite these idealizations, it provides valuable insights into fluid behavior in many real-world scenarios.