Atsetüülkoliinergiline

Atsetüülkoliinergiline describes anything related to acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter and a crucial molecule in the nervous system. It is synthesized from choline and acetyl-CoA. Atsetüülkoliinergiline systems are found throughout the central and peripheral nervous systems. In the peripheral nervous system, acetylcholine is the primary neurotransmitter at the neuromuscular junction, mediating muscle contraction. It is also involved in the autonomic nervous system, where it plays roles in both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions, influencing heart rate, digestion, and glandular secretions. In the central nervous system, atsetüülkoliinergiline pathways are implicated in various functions including learning, memory, attention, and arousal. The effects of acetylcholine are mediated by its binding to two main types of receptors: nicotinic receptors and muscarinic receptors, each with distinct locations and functions. Dysfunction or alteration in atsetüülkoliinergiline neurotransmission is associated with a range of neurological and psychiatric disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and myasthenia gravis. Medications targeting the atsetüülkoliinergiline system are used to treat these conditions.