Artin

Artin is a surname of Germanic origin that appears in various cultures and languages. It is also encountered as a given name in Armenian contexts. The name is associated with several prominent figures in mathematics, as well as with a number of mathematical concepts and theorems.

Emil Artin (1898–1962) was an Austrian-born mathematician whose work helped advance abstract algebra and number theory. He is renowned for the Artin reciprocity law, a foundational result in class field theory, and for introducing several concepts that bear his name, such as the Artin symbol and Artin L-functions. His contributions laid important groundwork for modern algebra and number theory.

Michael Artin (born 1934) is a Dutch-American mathematician noted for his substantial impact on algebraic geometry and noncommutative algebra. He contributed to the development of the modern theory of schemes, descent, and deformation theory, and is associated with the Artin approximation theorem and the concept of Artin stacks in algebraic geometry.

In mathematics, numerous constructions and ideas carry the Artin name. Artin groups, a class of groups generalizing braid groups, are named after Emil Artin. Artin algebras and Artin rings refer to certain finite-length or Artinian algebraic structures. The name also appears in the broader context of Artin’s conjectures and Artin L-functions, reflecting its enduring influence across algebra and number theory.

Beyond mathematics, Artin can appear as a surname in various cultures and as a given name in Armenian naming traditions, illustrating the broader cultural reach of the term.