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Aristotle, also known as Aristoteles, was a Greek philosopher and scientist born in 384 BC in Stagira, Chalkidice, on the northern coast of Greece. He was the son of Nicomachus, a physician, and Phaenis, a woman of low social status. Aristotle's early education was provided by his father, who taught him rhetoric, logic, and grammar. At the age of 17, Aristotle moved to Athens to study under Plato at the Academy, where he remained for 20 years.

Aristotle's work spans various fields, including philosophy, ethics, politics, metaphysics, and natural sciences. His most famous works include "Nicomachean Ethics," "Politics," "Metaphysics," and "Poetics." In "Nicomachean Ethics," Aristotle explores the nature of virtue and happiness, arguing that the highest good is eudaimonia, or flourishing. In "Politics," he discusses the ideal form of government and the role of the state in human life. Aristotle's contributions to natural sciences include his work on biology, zoology, and physics, which were based on extensive empirical observations.

Aristotle's influence on Western philosophy and science is immense. His ideas on logic, metaphysics, and ethics have shaped the development of these fields for over two thousand years. His work on biology and zoology laid the foundation for modern biology, and his ideas on physics influenced the development of scientific method.

Aristotle died in 322 BC at the age of 62 in Chalcis, Euboea. His legacy continues to be studied and debated by scholars and philosophers around the world.