Apteerien

An apteerien was a type of ancient Egyptian funerary offering or votive object. These small, often anthropomorphic figurines were typically made of faience or wood and were placed in tombs or temples. Their purpose was to serve as a substitute for the deceased in performing certain tasks or offerings in the afterlife, or to act as a stand-in for the deceased to receive offerings.

Apteerien are commonly found dating from the New Kingdom period onwards, although earlier examples exist. They vary greatly in their depiction, sometimes showing the deceased as a mummified figure, at other times as a living person. Some apteerien are depicted holding objects such as tools or offerings, further emphasizing their role as substitutes for the living or deceased. The term "apteerien" itself is derived from ancient Egyptian words related to offering and substitution.

These objects provide valuable insight into ancient Egyptian beliefs about the afterlife, the importance of ritual offerings, and the desire to ensure the well-being of the deceased beyond death. Their presence in tombs suggests a complex system of religious practices aimed at navigating the transition from life to the eternal realm. The craftsmanship and materials used in apteerien also offer clues about the artistic and technological capabilities of the time.