Anáforas

Anáforas, in linguistics and rhetoric, refer to expressions that connect with previously mentioned material or recur at the start of a sequence. The term, plural form of anáfora, derives from Greek anáphora meaning "carrying back" or "bringing back". In discourse, anáforas aid cohesion by linking later text to earlier content.

In linguistics, anáfora covers pronouns (she, it), definite determiners, demonstratives (this, those), and other expressions whose interpretation depends on an antecedent in the discourse. They contrast with exophora, which refers to something outside the text, and with cataphora, where the reference points forward to a later element. Resolution of anaphora involves identifying the appropriate antecedent, supported by syntactic structure, semantics, and discourse context; in some languages, null or zero anaphors can occur where the antecedent is unspoken but recoverable.

In rhetoric, anáfora is the deliberate repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning of s