Anzio

Anzio is a coastal town and comune in the Lazio region of central Italy. It lies on the Tyrrhenian Sea about 40 kilometers southwest of Rome and is part of the Metropolitan City of Rome. The town forms, with the nearby town of Nettuno to the south, the Anzio-Nettuno conurbation, known for its beaches and maritime economy.

Historically, the area is the site of Antium, an ancient port city that served as a resort for Roman elites. The town is associated with Emperor Nero, who is said to have been born there, and it retains remnants of its Roman-era villas and baths. In the 20th century, the Pontine Marshes were drained under Mussolini’s regime, turning swampland into farmland and enabling coastal development and tourism.

During World War II, Anzio was the landing site of Allied forces on January 22, 1944, in an operation to outflank German lines and seize Rome. The ensuing battle created a protracted stalemate and heavy casualties on both sides. Rome was liberated in May 1944 after the breakout from the beachhead.

Today Anzio’s economy centers on fishing, tourism, and agriculture from the surrounding reclaimed lands. The coastline includes beaches and a working harbour, while the town preserves historic and archaeological sites connected to its ancient name, Antium. The area also hosts local markets and events that reflect its coastal and historical heritage.