Anorganske

Anorganske, in Danish, refers to inorganic chemistry, the branch of chemistry that studies substances not primarily organized around carbon–hydrogen bonds. The field encompasses elements, simple and complex compounds, minerals, and materials. While most carbon-containing compounds are classified as organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry includes many carbon-containing species (such as carbonates, cyanides, and metal–organic frameworks) and a wide range of non-carbon systems. The scope covers synthesis, structure, reactivity, and properties of inorganic substances.

Key areas include mineralogy, solid-state chemistry, inorganic synthesis, coordination chemistry, organometallic chemistry, catalysis, materials science, and bioinorganic chemistry. Common substances are oxides (SiO2, Al2O3), halides (NaCl), sulfides, nitrides, phosphates, acids and bases, salts, and coordination complexes of transition metals.

Methods involve structural determination such as X-ray crystallography, spectroscopic techniques (IR, UV-Vis, NMR for certain nuclei), electrochemistry, and thermochemical analysis. Applications range from catalysts in industrial processes to fertilizers, pigments, glass and ceramics, semiconductors, batteries, and corrosion prevention.

Historically, inorganic chemistry emerged from mineralogy and alchemy and matured with the development of the periodic table and theories of bonding. Pioneers include Wilhelm Ostwald, Justus von Liebig, and Alfred Werner, whose work on coordination chemistry shaped the field. The Danish term anorganske is used to distinguish this field from organisk chemistry.