Americium238

Americium-238 is a radioactive isotope of americium. It is an alpha emitter with a half-life of approximately 87.7 years. This isotope is a byproduct of nuclear reactors and is primarily produced through the neutron capture of plutonium-239. Americium-238 decays into neptunium-238, which itself is radioactive.

The primary application of americium-238 is as a heat source in radioisotope thermoelectric generators (RTGs). These devices convert the heat generated by the radioactive decay of americium-238 into electricity. RTGs have been used to power spacecraft, such as the Voyager probes, due to their long operational life and reliability in the absence of solar power. They are also utilized in some terrestrial applications where a long-lasting, maintenance-free power source is required.

Due to its radioactivity, americium-238 must be handled with appropriate safety precautions. Its alpha particle emission means it is hazardous if ingested or inhaled, although it has limited penetrating power through skin. The production of americium-238 is a complex process, and it is not a naturally occurring element. Its existence is a consequence of human nuclear activities.