AlphaFe2O3

AlphaFe2O3, also known as hematite, is a mineral and a primary component of rust. It is the most common form of iron oxide. Structurally, alphaFe2O3 crystallizes in the corundum structure, which is a hexagonal arrangement of ions. This structure gives it its characteristic properties. AlphaFe2O3 is a semiconductor with a band gap of approximately 2.2 electronvolts. It is paramagnetic at room temperature, meaning it is weakly attracted to magnetic fields. However, it exhibits antiferromagnetism below its Néel temperature of 675 degrees Celsius. Above this temperature, it becomes paramagnetic.

In terms of appearance, alphaFe2O3 can range from reddish-brown to black, depending on its purity and crystal size. It is insoluble in water and most acids. AlphaFe2O3 plays a significant role in geology and environmental science. It is a common mineral found in sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous rocks. Its presence in soils contributes to their color. In industrial applications, alphaFe2O3 is a key material in iron ore, serving as the principal source of metallic iron. It is also used as a pigment in paints, cosmetics, and concrete, providing a durable red, orange, or brown coloration. Furthermore, its semiconducting properties are being explored for applications in photocatalysis, gas sensing, and magnetic storage devices.