Alexandreia

Alexandria, also known as Alexandria on the Sea, was a city founded by Alexander the Great in 331 BC on the Mediterranean coast of Egypt. It was one of the most important cities of the ancient world, serving as a major center of trade, culture, and learning. The city was named after Alexander's mother, Olympias, who was known as Alexandra.

Alexandria was built on the site of the ancient city of Aphroditopolis, which was destroyed by Alexander's forces. The new city was designed as a grand metropolis, with a harbor, a lighthouse, and a library that was one of the largest and most famous in the ancient world. The library was destroyed by fire in 48 BC, but it was later rebuilt and expanded by the Roman Emperor Augustus.

Alexandria was also a major center of Greek culture and learning. It was home to many famous philosophers, scientists, and mathematicians, including Euclid, Archimedes, and Eratosthenes. The city was also a major center of trade, with goods from all over the ancient world passing through its harbor.

Despite its importance, Alexandria was destroyed by a series of earthquakes in the 14th century. The city was later rebuilt, but it never regained its former glory. Today, the ruins of Alexandria are a popular tourist destination, and the city is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.