Alarõhk

Alarõhk, also known as hypotension, is a medical condition characterized by abnormally low blood pressure. Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries, and it is measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg) as two numbers: systolic pressure (the top number) and diastolic pressure (the bottom number). A reading below 90/60 mmHg is generally considered low blood pressure.

While low blood pressure can be harmless in some individuals and may even go unnoticed, in others it can cause symptoms such as dizziness, lightheadedness, fainting (syncope), blurred vision, nausea, fatigue, and lack of concentration. These symptoms arise because the body's organs, particularly the brain, are not receiving an adequate supply of oxygenated blood.

There are several potential causes of alarõhk. These can include dehydration, significant blood loss, certain medications (such as diuretics, beta-blockers, and some antidepressants), endocrine problems like thyroid disorders or adrenal insufficiency, heart conditions including heart failure or arrhythmias, severe infections (sepsis), and allergic reactions (anaphylaxis). In some cases, the cause may be idiopathic, meaning it is unknown.

Diagnosis typically involves measuring blood pressure, taking a medical history, and performing a physical examination. Further tests may be ordered to identify the underlying cause, such as blood tests, electrocardiograms (ECG), or echocardiograms.

Treatment for alarõhk depends on its severity and the underlying cause. For mild cases, simple measures like increasing fluid intake and salt consumption (under medical supervision) may be sufficient. If medications are the cause, dosage adjustments or switching to different drugs may be necessary. For more serious or chronic conditions, specific treatments targeting the underlying disease will be implemented.