Akviferit

Akviferit is a term used to describe underground layers of water-bearing permeable rock, rock fractures or unconsolidated materials (gravel, sand, or silt) from which groundwater can be extracted using a water well. These formations are crucial sources of fresh water for many communities and ecosystems. The presence and characteristics of an aquifer depend on the geological and hydrological conditions of a region. Aquifers can vary greatly in size, depth, and the amount of water they hold.

The replenishment of aquifers, known as recharge, occurs through precipitation, infiltration from rivers and lakes, or artificial recharge systems. Over-extraction of water from aquifers can lead to several issues, including a decline in water levels, land subsidence, and saltwater intrusion in coastal areas. Sustainable management of aquifers involves monitoring water levels, controlling extraction rates, and implementing recharge strategies to ensure their long-term viability. Different types of aquifers exist, such as unconfined aquifers, where the water table is exposed to atmospheric pressure, and confined aquifers, which are sandwiched between impermeable layers of rock or clay. Understanding aquifer systems is fundamental for effective water resource management.