Aivokuoria

Aivokuoria is a Finnish term that translates to "brain cortex" or "cerebral cortex." It refers to the outermost layer of the cerebrum, the largest part of the brain in humans and other mammals. This convoluted layer is responsible for many of the higher-level cognitive functions, including memory, perception, thinking, language, and consciousness.

The cerebral cortex is characterized by its highly folded surface, which increases its surface area. These folds are called gyri (ridges) and sulci (grooves). This complex structure allows for a greater number of neurons to be packed into the limited space of the skull. The cortex is divided into two hemispheres, left and right, each specializing in certain functions, although they work together through a bundle of nerve fibers called the corpus callosum.

Further divisions of the cerebral cortex are based on anatomical landmarks and functional areas. These include the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, temporal lobe, and occipital lobe. Each lobe is associated with specific roles, such as the frontal lobe's involvement in planning and decision-making, the occipital lobe's processing of visual information, the temporal lobe's role in auditory processing and memory, and the parietal lobe's integration of sensory information. The aivokuoria is a crucial component of the central nervous system, underpinning our complex abilities and experiences.