Adresarea

Adresarea is a linguistic and social term describing how speakers and writers direct their speech and texts toward others. It encompasses the choice of second-person pronouns, vocatives, titles, salutations, and the devices used to address someone directly. It covers both spoken address, such as calling someone by name or by a title in conversation, and written address, such as salutations in letters and emails or openings in speeches.

In sociolinguistics, adresarea is analyzed as a marker of formality, respect, intimacy, and social hierarchy. Speakers adjust it according to context, relationship, age, status, and culture. Romanian features include the informal 'tu' and formal 'dumneavoastră,' as well as titles such as 'Domnule' and 'Doamnă' used in direct address or when naming professionals. In writing, salutations and openings reflect the recipient and purpose.

Adresarea types include direct address (vocatives or pronouns), indirect address (referring to someone by name or title), and collective address (to an audience). Formal adresarea signals respect and distance; informal adresarea signals closeness. Choices are shaped by norms, power relations, and the communication medium.

Digital communication expands forms; inclusive language and new online conventions emerge. Adresarea remains central to politeness, discourse management, and intercultural communication.