Adjuvák

Adjuvák is a term primarily used in veterinary medicine and immunology to refer to an adjuvant. Adjuvants are substances that are added to vaccines to enhance the immune response to an antigen. They work by stimulating the immune system, making it more likely to recognize and remember the antigen, and thus leading to a stronger and more prolonged immunity. This can allow for a smaller dose of antigen to be used, or can boost the immune response in individuals who might not respond well to the antigen alone.

Common types of adjuvants include aluminum salts, oil-in-water emulsions, and certain microbial derivatives. Aluminum salts, often referred to as alum, are among the oldest and most widely used adjuvants. Oil-in-water emulsions, such as MF59 and AS03, are also frequently employed, particularly in influenza vaccines. Microbial derivatives, like lipopolysaccharides and muramyl dipeptides, can trigger specific immune pathways.

The use of adjuvants is crucial in the development of effective vaccines against a variety of infectious diseases. By augmenting the immune system's ability to respond to the vaccine, adjuvants contribute to better protection against pathogens. Research into novel adjuvants continues, aiming to develop safer and more potent formulations that can further improve vaccine efficacy and broaden their application.