Abtastfrequenzintervall

Abtastfrequenz, often translated as sampling rate or sampling frequency, is a fundamental concept in digital signal processing. It refers to the number of samples of an analog signal taken per unit of time. Typically, the unit of time is one second, so the Abtastfrequenz is measured in Hertz (Hz), meaning cycles per second. For instance, a common Abtastfrequenz for digital audio is 44.1 kHz, indicating that 44,100 samples are taken every second.

The Abtastfrequenz is crucial because it determines the highest frequency that can be accurately represented in the digital signal. According to the Nyquist-Shannon sampling theorem, the Abtastfrequenz must be at least twice the highest frequency component of the analog signal to avoid aliasing. Aliasing occurs when higher frequencies are incorrectly interpreted as lower frequencies, distorting the reconstructed signal. Therefore, a higher Abtastfrequenz allows for a more faithful digital representation of the original analog signal, capturing finer details. The choice of Abtastfrequenz depends on the specific application and the bandwidth of the signal being sampled. Common values range from a few Hertz for very slow signals to hundreds of kilohertz or even megahertz for high-fidelity audio, video, or scientific measurements.