4Nitrophenol2sulfonic

4-Nitrophenol-2-sulfonic acid is an organic compound with the chemical formula C6H4(NO2)(SO3H). It is a derivative of phenol, with a sulfonic acid group attached to the 2nd carbon atom and a nitro group attached to the 4th carbon atom. This compound is a white to off-white crystalline solid, soluble in water and most organic solvents.

The compound is primarily used as an intermediate in the synthesis of other chemical compounds. It is also used in the production of dyes and pigments, where its nitro group can be reduced to an amino group, leading to the formation of azo dyes. Additionally, it is used in the production of pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals.

4-Nitrophenol-2-sulfonic acid is a strong acid due to the presence of the sulfonic acid group. It can undergo various chemical reactions, including nucleophilic substitution, electrophilic substitution, and oxidation. These reactions can be used to synthesize other compounds, such as sulfamides and sulfonamides, which are used in the production of antibiotics.

The compound is also used in analytical chemistry as a standard for the determination of sulfonic acid groups. It is a useful reagent in the synthesis of other organic compounds, due to its reactivity and the presence of both an electrophilic nitro group and a nucleophilic sulfonic acid group.

Safety precautions should be taken when handling 4-Nitrophenol-2-sulfonic acid, as it can cause skin and eye irritation, and may be harmful if inhaled or ingested. It is important to use personal protective equipment, such as gloves, safety glasses, and a lab coat, when handling this compound.