411

411 is commonly used to refer to the directory assistance service in North America. It is a telephone service through which callers can request information such as telephone numbers, addresses, and business listings. The service is typically accessed by dialing 4-1-1 from a landline or mobile phone. Historically, 411 was the primary source of contact information before the widespread proliferation of online directories and search engines. Over time, the rise of the internet and mobile apps has led to a decline in reliance on 411, with many users turning to web search, mapping apps, or the businesses’ own websites for contact details. Some carriers continue to offer 411, sometimes for a fee, though many offer it for free in modern times or restrict it to emergency or accessibility use.

In addition to the directory service, 411 has entered common language as a shorthand for information, as in the phrase “giving someone the 411” meaning providing the facts or details about a situation. The term is primarily used in American English and has been referenced in media and popular culture. 411 is not a universal worldwide number; other countries use different directory services, and emergency numbers such as 112 or 911 operate independently of 411.