4059

4059 is a natural number that sits between 4058 and 4060. In the context of elementary number theory, it is an odd composite number with prime factorization 3^2 × 11 × 41. This gives it 12 positive divisors: 1, 3, 9, 11, 33, 41, 99, 123, 369, 451, 1353, and 4059.

The sum of all divisors of 4059 is 6552, so the sum of its proper divisors is 2493. Consequently, 4059 is not a perfect number. The factorizaton also shows that 4059 is divisible by 9 (since the digit sum is 18) and by 11 and 41, making it a multiple of each of these primes.

In base-10 arithmetic, 4059 is not a Harshad (Niven) number, because it is not divisible by the sum of its digits (4 + 0 + 5 + 9 = 18). Modularly, 4059 is congruent to 0 modulo 9, and when divided by 18 it leaves a remainder of 9, reflecting its divisibility by 9 but not by 18.

Overall, 4059 is a straightforward example of a composite number with a simple prime factorization and a finite set of divisors, illustrating common divisor-related properties in number theory.