3hydroksyylimppäisen

3-hydroxy-2-methylbutyric acid, also known as 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid or simply 3-hydroxy-iso-valeric acid, is a branched-chain fatty acid. Its chemical formula is C5H10O3. This compound is a metabolite involved in the metabolism of branched-chain amino acids, particularly valine. It can be found in biological systems and is sometimes measured as a biomarker.

The structure of 3-hydroxy-2-methylbutyric acid features a hydroxyl group (-OH) attached to the third carbon atom of a four-carbon chain, with a methyl group (-CH3) attached to the second carbon atom. This specific arrangement gives it its unique chemical properties.

In humans, 3-hydroxy-2-methylbutyric acid can be produced through enzymatic pathways. Disruptions in the metabolism of branched-chain amino acids can lead to abnormal levels of this compound, which may be indicative of certain metabolic disorders. Research into its biological roles and potential as a biomarker is ongoing. It is also a naturally occurring compound found in some food products, though typically in trace amounts.