2hydroxyethanoic

2-Hydroxyethanoic acid, also known as glycolic acid, is a simple carboxylic acid with the chemical formula C2H4O3. It is a colorless, crystalline solid that is soluble in water and has a mild, sweet taste. Glycolic acid is a key intermediate in the metabolism of carbohydrates and is produced by the fermentation of sugars. It is also used in various industrial applications, including as a preservative, a skin care ingredient, and a chemical intermediate in the production of other compounds.

Glycolic acid is produced naturally by the human body and is found in small amounts in various foods, such as fruits and vegetables. It is also used in the production of certain pharmaceuticals and is a component of some dietary supplements. In the field of cosmetics, glycolic acid is used as an exfoliant to improve skin texture and reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.

The chemical structure of glycolic acid consists of a carboxylic acid group (-COOH) attached to a hydroxyl group (-OH) on a two-carbon chain. This structure gives glycolic acid its unique properties and reactivity. It can undergo various chemical reactions, including esterification, oxidation, and reduction, which make it a valuable compound in chemical synthesis.

Glycolic acid is generally considered safe for use in cosmetics and food products when used at appropriate concentrations. However, like any chemical compound, it should be handled with care and used according to established guidelines to ensure safety and efficacy.