23dideoxynucleosides

23dideoxynucleosides are a class of nucleoside analogs that have a modified sugar moiety. The sugar in these compounds lacks the 2'- and 3'-hydroxyl groups, which are present in natural nucleosides. This modification significantly alters the chemical and biological properties of the nucleosides. 23dideoxynucleosides are often used in research and clinical settings, particularly in the study of antiviral and anticancer therapies. One of the most well-known 23dideoxynucleosides is 2',3'-dideoxyinosine (ddI), which is a component of the antiviral drug AZT (zidovudine). These compounds are typically synthesized through chemical modifications of natural nucleosides or through enzymatic reactions. The altered structure of 23dideoxynucleosides can lead to their incorporation into DNA, where they can disrupt normal DNA replication and transcription processes. This property makes them useful in the development of antiviral and anticancer agents. However, the lack of natural 23dideoxynucleosides in the human body means that their incorporation into DNA can lead to toxic side effects, such as DNA chain termination and mutagenesis. Therefore, the use of 23dideoxynucleosides in therapeutic applications requires careful consideration of their potential risks and benefits.