1phenylethanone

1-Phenylethanone, commonly known as acetophenone, is an aromatic ketone with the formula C8H8O. It comprises a benzene ring bearing a carbonyl group adjacent to a methyl group (Ph-CO-CH3). Acetophenone is a widely used building block in organic synthesis and in the fragrance and flavor industries.

Industrial production typically proceeds via Friedel-Crafts acylation of benzene with acetyl chloride in the presence of a Lewis acid such as aluminum chloride, yielding acetophenone and hydrochloric acid. It can also be prepared by alternative acylation routes or from related precursors.

Physically, acetophenone is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a characteristic sweet, sometimes almond-like odor. It is sparingly soluble in water and readily dissolves in many organic solvents. Its boiling point is about 202 degrees Celsius.

Applications include use as a fragrance ingredient and flavor intermediate, contributing floral or almond notes in perfumes and foods. It also serves as an intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, dyes, and other fine chemicals, and is used as a solvent in some laboratory procedures.

Safety and handling: acetophenone is flammable and may cause skin and eye irritation. Inhalation or ingestion can be harmful. It should be used in a ventilated area with protective equipment, and stored away from heat and incompatible materials. Spills should be contained and disposed of according to regulations.

See also: ketones, aryl ketones, Friedel-Crafts acylation.