1aminobutane

1-aminobutane, or butan-1-amine, is an organic compound with the formula C4H11N. It is a primary aliphatic amine, consisting of a four-carbon straight chain bearing a terminal amino group. In its pure form it is a colorless liquid with the characteristic odor typical of many amines.

As a small primary amine, butan-1-amine is soluble in water to a considerable extent and freely soluble in many organic solvents. It is a reactive building block in organic synthesis and is widely used as a precursor to longer-chain amines, quaternary ammonium salts, surfactants, dyes, and various pharmaceuticals. The amino group can participate in many reactions, including N-alkylation to give secondary and tertiary amines and acylation to form amides; it can also undergo nitrosation, oxidation, and reduction under appropriate conditions.

Industrial production of 1-aminobutane is typically achieved by catalytic hydrogenation of butanenitrile, which is obtained from butene via hydrocyanation. Alternative routes include reductive amination of butyraldehyde and related processes that convert carbonyl compounds or halides into primary amines.

Safety and handling guidelines emphasize that 1-aminobutane is a reactive, irritant liquid. It can cause irritation to skin, eyes, and the respiratory system; vapors are potentially harmful if inhaled. Proper ventilation, protective equipment, and storage away from oxidizers are recommended.