1AB0

1AB0 is a protein that plays a crucial role in the immune system of humans and other mammals. It is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and is primarily expressed on the surface of natural killer (NK) cells. 1AB0 is involved in the recognition and elimination of virus-infected cells and cancer cells. It binds to stress-induced molecules on the surface of infected or transformed cells, triggering the NK cell to release cytotoxic granules and perform degranulation, leading to the destruction of the target cell.

The gene encoding 1AB0 is located on chromosome 19 in humans. It is a single-copy gene and is highly conserved across species. The protein is composed of 214 amino acids and has a molecular weight of approximately 24 kDa. It is a type I transmembrane protein with a short cytoplasmic tail and a large extracellular domain.

1AB0 is a target of several viruses, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). These viruses encode proteins that mimic 1AB0 and bind to NK cells, inhibiting their ability to recognize and eliminate infected cells. This is one of the mechanisms by which viruses can evade the immune system.

1AB0 has also been studied as a potential target for cancer immunotherapy. Antibodies against 1AB0 have been shown to enhance the activity of NK cells against cancer cells, suggesting that targeting 1AB0 could be a promising strategy for cancer treatment. However, more research is needed to fully understand the potential of 1AB0 as a therapeutic target.