1169

1169 is a natural number that comes after 1168 and before 1170. It is an odd, composite number with prime factorization 7 × 167. The sum of its decimal digits is 17, so it is not divisible by 3. In Roman numerals, 1169 is written as MCLXIX.

In historical terms, the year 1169 CE is notable for the beginning of substantial Norman involvement in Ireland. Dermot MacMurrough, king of Leinster, sought military aid from Norman adventurers to reclaim his throne. A force led by Richard de Clare, known as Strongbow, arrived in Ireland in 1169. The campaigns associated with this expedition contributed to a shift in power dynamics in parts of Ireland and laid groundwork for later, longer-lasting political contact and conflict between the Irish kingdoms and the Norman/English crown.

As a number, 1169 is the product of two primes, 7 and 167. Its Roman numeral representation is MCLXIX, and it belongs to the set of integers used in arithmetic and number theory. In the context of the calendar, 1169 refers to a year in the medieval period, situated in the 12th century of the Common Era.