0x00000x10FFFF

0x00000x10FFFF is the hexadecimal range that defines all Unicode code points, from U+0000 to U+10FFFF. This space contains 1,114,112 code points, organized into 17 planes. The Basic Multilingual Plane (BMP) is Plane 0 (U+0000 to U+FFFF); Planes 1 through 16 (U+10000 to U+10FFFF) hold the supplementary characters, including most emoji and historic scripts.

Code point distribution and planes

- BMP (Plane 0): U+0000..U+FFFF

- Supplementary planes (Planes 1–16): U+10000..U+10FFFF

Encoding and representation

- UTF-8 uses 1 to 4 bytes per character. Code points up to U+7F use 1 byte; up to U+7FF use 2 bytes; up to U+FFFF use 3 bytes; up to U+10FFFF use 4 bytes.

- UTF-16 encodes code points U+0000..U+FFFF (except the surrogate range) as a single 16-bit unit; code points U+10000..U+10FFFF are encoded as a surrogate pair (high surrogate U+D800–U+DBFF and low surrogate U+DC00–U+DFFF).

- Surrogate codes U+D800–U+DFFF are not valid code points themselves; they are used only in UTF-16 encoding.

Noncharacters and private use

- Noncharacters include U+FDD0..U+FDEF and all code points ending in FFFE or FFFF (across planes), such as U+FFFE, U+FFFF, U+1FFFE, …, U+10FFFE, U+10FFFF.

- Private-use areas are available for custom definitions: BMP U+E000..U+F8FF; Plane 15 U+F0000..U+FFFFD; Plane 16 U+100000..U+10FFFD.

Usage notes

- The range underpins all Unicode text, including modern symbols, emojis, and historic scripts.

- Some code points are reserved as noncharacters or designated for private use; others are assigned to standardized characters or unassigned for future use. A typical example of an upper-plane character is U+1F600 (GRINNING FACE).