öljyhiekan
Öljyhiekka, also known as tar sands or oil sands, is a type of unconventional petroleum deposit. It is a naturally occurring mixture of sand, clay, water, and bitumen, a heavy, viscous form of petroleum. Bitumen is so thick that it will not flow unless heated or diluted with lighter hydrocarbons.
The largest known reserves of oil sands are located in Alberta, Canada, and in Venezuela. Extracting bitumen
Once extracted and separated, the bitumen is upgraded into synthetic crude oil, which can then be refined