äußerste

Äußerste is a German word that primarily functions as the superlative form of the adjective äußere (outer) and, when capitalized in certain uses, as a noun das Äußerste meaning “the outermost part” or “the utmost.” It denotes something located at, or belonging to, the farthest exterior or to an extreme degree in a figurative sense.

As an adjective, äüßerste describes the farthest outer position or the highest degree of extremity and agrees with the noun it modifies. Examples include der äußerste Rand (the outermost edge), die äußerste Schicht (the outermost layer), or das äußerste Teil (the outermost part). In predicative use, one might say es ist der äußerste Bereich (it is the outermost area). The adverb form äüßerst is used to express emphasis, as in äußerst wichtig (extremely important).

As a noun, das Äußerste refers to the outermost portion or to the utmost extent itself. This usage emerges in phrases like bis ins Äußerste (to the utmost extent) and is common in literary or formal contexts.

Etymology and related terms: the word comes from the German root auß- meaning outside, combined with the superlative suffix -este/-ste. Related terms include äußerlich (external), äußerer (outer), and the adverb äusserst / äußerst (extremely). The concept is widely used across disciplines such as geography, physics, and philosophy to denote boundary, limit, or extremity.