Øyeanatomi

Øyeanatomi refers to the study of the structure of the eye. The human eye is a complex organ responsible for vision. It consists of several key parts, each with a specific function. The outermost layer is the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped tissue that covers the front of the eye. It refracts, or bends, light as it enters. Behind the cornea is the iris, the colored part of the eye, which acts like a diaphragm, controlling the size of the pupil. The pupil is the opening in the center of the iris that allows light to enter the eye.

The lens, located behind the iris and pupil, is a transparent, biconvex structure that further focuses light onto the retina. The retina, the light-sensitive tissue lining the back of the eye, contains photoreceptor cells called rods and cones. Rods are responsible for vision in low light conditions, while cones detect color and detail in brighter light.

Light signals from the retina are converted into electrical impulses and transmitted to the brain via the optic nerve, which exits from the back of the eye. The vitreous humor, a gel-like substance, fills the space between the lens and the retina, maintaining the eye's shape. The sclera, the white, tough outer protective layer of the eye, surrounds the eyeball, except for the cornea. Muscles attached to the sclera control the movement of the eye. Understanding these anatomical components is crucial for diagnosing and treating various eye conditions.