önszívó

Önszívó is a Hungarian term that translates to "self-priming" in English. It refers to a type of pump that can draw fluid into its suction line without the need for external priming. Standard centrifugal pumps require the casing and suction line to be filled with fluid before they can operate efficiently. If air is present, they may fail to pump altogether. A self-priming pump, however, is designed to evacuate air from the suction line itself.

This is typically achieved through a combination of the pump's impeller design and a built-in reservoir or chamber. When the pump starts, the impeller rotates and draws any air from the suction line into the pump casing. The air is then separated from the liquid, and the liquid is recirculated within the pump until the air is completely expelled and the pump can operate normally.

Self-priming pumps are particularly useful in applications where the fluid source is below the pump level, or where the pump may be intermittently exposed to air. Common uses include dewatering in construction sites, drainage, agricultural irrigation, and in various industrial processes where reliability and ease of operation are paramount. They offer the advantage of being able to start up even if the suction line is not completely full, reducing the risk of cavitation and damage to the pump.