Übergangsmomenten

Übergangsmomenten, also known as transition moments, are a fundamental concept in quantum mechanics that describe the probability of a system transitioning between two quantum states. These transitions can occur due to interactions with external fields, such as electromagnetic radiation. The strength of an Übergangsmoment determines how likely a particular transition is to happen. It is a mathematical quantity that arises from the integration of the initial state, the final state, and the perturbation operator that induces the transition.

In essence, an Übergangsmoment quantifies the overlap between the wave functions of the initial and final states, weighted by the strength of the interaction. If the Übergangsmoment is zero, the transition is forbidden, meaning it has zero probability of occurring under the given conditions. If it is non-zero, the transition is allowed, with its magnitude indicating the transition rate. This concept is crucial for understanding phenomena such as the absorption and emission of light by atoms and molecules, spectroscopy, and the operation of lasers. The calculation of Übergangsmomenten requires knowledge of the specific quantum states involved and the nature of the interaction causing the transition.