Öronossikelstörningar

Öronossikelstörningar, also known as ossicular chain abnormalities or disruptions, refer to conditions affecting the tiny bones within the middle ear. These bones, the malleus, incus, and stapes, collectively form the ossicular chain and are crucial for transmitting sound vibrations from the eardrum to the inner ear.

Disruptions to this chain can arise from various causes. Congenital abnormalities present at birth are one possibility, where the ossicles may not develop correctly. Trauma, such as a direct blow to the head or a severe ear infection, can lead to fractures or dislocations of these delicate bones. Chronic ear infections, particularly otitis media, can also cause damage and erosion of the ossicles over time.

The primary symptom of an öronossikelstörning is typically hearing loss, often conductive in nature. This means that sound is not conducted efficiently through the middle ear. The degree of hearing loss can vary depending on the extent of the disruption. Other symptoms may include a feeling of fullness in the ear, tinnitus (ringing in the ears), or dizziness in some cases.

Diagnosis usually involves a physical examination by a healthcare professional, including otoscopy to visualize the eardrum, and audiological tests such as pure-tone audiometry to assess hearing levels and type of hearing loss. Imaging studies like CT scans may be used to better visualize the ossicles and the extent of any abnormality. Treatment options depend on the underlying cause and severity of the disorder and may include surgical repair of the ossicular chain, such as ossiculoplasty, to restore proper sound conduction and improve hearing.