zaadlob

Zaadlob is the embryonic leaf or leaves inside a seed, corresponding to the cotyledon in English. It is part of the seed’s embryo and often serves as the primary nutrient storage tissue for germination. In Dutch botanical usage, zaadlob denotes these early-leaf structures that support the seedling before true leaves develop.

Most flowering plants have either one cotyledon (monocots) or two cotyledons (dicots). Monocots typically possess a single, often elongated cotyledon, while dicots have two distinct cotyledons. The cotyledons store reserves such as starch, oils, and proteins to fuel germination. In many species they also contain chlorophyll and can become photosynthetic once exposed to light.

During germination, the fate of the zaadlob varies by species. It may stay below ground (hypogeal germination) or emerge above ground (epigeal germination). In the latter case, the cotyledons may function as the seedling’s initial leaves, performing photosynthesis, or they may remain undigested and eventually wither as the true leaves take over.

In agriculture and plant science, the cotyledons are important indicators of seed quality and germination vigor. Crops such as peas and beans have two large cotyledons, while maize and rice typically have one. In some crops, the cotyledons persist after germination as edible storage tissue or are consumed when the seedling uses them for growth. See also cotyledon.