vékonyfilmekre
Thin films are layers of material ranging from fractions of a nanometer to several micrometers in thickness. They are crucial components in a vast array of modern technologies. The properties of thin films can differ significantly from those of the bulk material, due to effects like surface and interface scattering, quantum confinement, and altered crystal structures. These unique properties are exploited in applications such as optical coatings, semiconductors, data storage devices, and protective layers.
The fabrication of thin films involves various deposition techniques. Physical vapor deposition (PVD) methods include sputtering
The characterization of thin films is essential to understand their structure, composition, and properties. Techniques such