väikemolekulide

Väikemolekulid refers to small molecules in Estonian. This term broadly encompasses chemical compounds of relatively low molecular weight. In the context of chemistry and biology, small molecules are distinct from macromolecules like proteins, nucleic acids, and polysaccharides. They are typically organic compounds, though some inorganic molecules can also be considered small. Their size allows them to readily cross cell membranes and interact with biological targets within cells.

Small molecules play a crucial role in many biological processes and are fundamental building blocks for larger structures. They can act as signaling molecules, messengers, or substrates in metabolic pathways. Many pharmaceuticals are small molecules designed to interact with specific biological targets, such as enzymes or receptors, to elicit a therapeutic effect. The study of small molecules is essential in drug discovery, chemical synthesis, and understanding cellular functions. Their diverse chemical properties and reactivity make them versatile tools in scientific research and industrial applications.