volny

Volný is an adjective used in Czech and Slovak with related forms in each language. In Czech, the standard meaning is “free” or “unoccupied,” as in available or not restricted. In Slovak, the equivalent is voľný. The word is employed in a wide range of contexts, including time, space, status, and access. Examples in Czech include volný čas (free time) and volný trh (free market). In Slovak, similar phrases exist, such as voľný čas and voľný trh.

Grammatically, volný inflects for gender and number in both languages. It forms compound nouns and adjectives in phrases that express availability, openness, or lack of constraint, such as free entry, spare capacity, or unrestricted sale. The exact forms vary by grammatical context.

Etymology and cognates: volný derives from the Proto-Slavic root volъ meaning “free” or “unbound.” It has cognates across Slavic languages and is related to terms describing liberty or lack of obligation.

Surname usage: Volný is a common Czech and Slovak surname. The feminine form in Czech is Volná, reflecting gender agreement in surnames. The surname historically signified a person who held the status of a freeman or was otherwise unbound in a social sense, and it remains a recognizable family name in the Czech Republic and Slovakia today.

In summary, volný/voľný is a productive Slavic adjective linked to freedom and availability, with established use in everyday phrases and as a surname reflecting historical social status.