vinylacetat

Vinylacetat, also known as vinyl acetate or ethenyl acetate (ethenyl acetate), is an organic compound and the vinyl ester of acetic acid. Its chemical formula is C4H6O2 and its structure is CH2=CH–O–CO–CH3. It is a colorless, flammable liquid with a characteristic sweet odor. Because it readily polymerizes, commercial monomer grades are stabilized with inhibitors to prevent premature polymerization during storage and handling.

Production and properties

Industrial vinyl acetate is produced by the catalytic acetoxylation of ethylene with acetic acid and oxygen, yielding vinyl acetate and water: C2H4 + CH3COOH + 0.5 O2 → C4H6O2 + H2O. The process operates under elevated temperatures and pressures with a suitable catalyst, and the product is purified by distillation. Vinyl acetate is soluble in many organic solvents and is miscible with some polar solvents; it is reactive as a monomer, polymerizing readily under radical conditions.

Uses and applications

As a monomer, vinyl acetate is the precursor to polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) and related copolymers. PVAc is widely used in adhesives, paints, coatings, paper finishes, textiles, and as a component in emulsion polymers for coatings and packaging. Copolymerization with other vinyl monomers (such as ethylene or acrylates) tailors properties for specific binders and coatings.

Safety and environmental aspects

Vinyl acetate is flammable and irritating to skin, eyes, and the respiratory tract. Vapors can form explosive mixtures with air. It should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated area away from heat sources and oxidizers, with stabilizers present to prevent runaway polymerization. It is regulated as a volatile organic compound (VOC) and should be managed to minimize environmental release.