villámlással

Villámlással refers to a phenomenon of electrical discharge in the Earth's atmosphere, commonly known as lightning. This occurs when there is a buildup of electrical charge within a cloud or between a cloud and the ground. This charge separation happens due to collisions between ice crystals and water droplets in thunderstorms, leading to distinct positive and negative regions.

When the electrical potential difference becomes sufficiently large, it overcomes the insulating capacity of the air, resulting in a rapid and intense flow of electrical current. This discharge can manifest in several ways. Cloud-to-ground lightning is the most recognized, appearing as a bright flash that strikes the Earth's surface. Cloud-to-cloud lightning, also known as intercloud lightning, occurs between different storm clouds or different parts of the same cloud.

The visible flash of lightning is the result of the intense heat generated by the electrical current, which heats the air to temperatures far exceeding that of the sun's surface. This rapid heating causes the air to expand explosively, creating a shockwave that we perceive as thunder. The average lightning bolt carries millions of volts of electricity and can last for fractions of a second. While awe-inspiring, lightning is a dangerous natural phenomenon that can cause severe injury or death to humans and animals, as well as significant damage to property and infrastructure.