vetyelektrodiin

Vetyelektrodiin, also known as a hydrogen electrode, is a type of electrochemical electrode that involves the participation of hydrogen gas in a redox reaction. It is a fundamental concept in electrochemistry and is often used as a reference electrode. The most common form is the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE), which serves as the zero point on the electrochemical potential scale.

The SHE consists of a platinum electrode immersed in a solution with a hydrogen ion activity of 1 mol/L, with hydrogen gas at a pressure of 1 bar bubbled over the platinum surface. The half-reaction occurring at the SHE is the reversible reduction of protons to hydrogen gas: 2H⁺(aq) + 2e⁻ ⇌ H₂(g). By convention, the standard electrode potential of the SHE is defined as 0 volts.

Other types of hydrogen electrodes exist, such as the normal hydrogen electrode (NHE) which uses a 1 M concentration of HCl and a hydrogen pressure of 1 atm, and various non-standard hydrogen electrodes where conditions deviate from standard. These electrodes are crucial for determining the electrode potentials of other half-cells, allowing for the calculation of standard cell potentials and the prediction of reaction spontaneity. Their applications span across various fields, including analytical chemistry, corrosion studies, and the development of fuel cells.