vanhoja

Vanhoja is a Finnish grammatical form. It is the partitive plural of the adjective vanha, meaning "old." In Finnish, adjectives decline to agree with the nouns they modify for number and case; when the noun is plural and in the partitive case, the adjective takes the ending -ja (or related endings in some stems), producing vanhoja.

The form is used to describe plural nouns that are indefinite or not considered as a complete set, or when the noun is grammatically in the partitive. Examples include vanhoja taloja (old houses), vanhoja kirjoja (old books), and vanhoja autoja (old cars). The same pattern applies to other adjectives with similar stem changes.

Common related forms include vanha (singular nominative), vanhat (plural nominative), vanhan (genitive singular). The partitive plural vanhoja contrasts with the nominative plural vanhat and with other cases, depending on the sentence.

Notes: Unlike languages with articles, Finnish uses endings on adjectives and nouns to indicate number and case. Vanhoja by itself does not constitute a complete phrase; it needs a noun to modify.

See also: Finnish grammar, Adjective conjugation, Partitive case.